Vita

June, 2009

VITA

Thomas G. Bever

Education

Harvard College - A.B., 1961

Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Ph.D., 1967

Honors and Awards

Phi Beta Kappa - Harvard University - 1961

"Magna cum laude with highest honors in Linguistics and Psychology" - Harvard College - 1961 NIH Predoctoral Fellowship - 1962-1964

Elected to Harvard Society of Fellows - 1964-1967 NSF Faculty Fellowship - 1974-1977 (Summers) Guggenheim Fellowship - 1976177

Fellow, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences - 1984/85

The Foreign Language Teaching Research Article Award - 2004 - Society for Foreign Language Teaching in China. (Given every 2 years).

The Compassionate Friends Award - 2005- "Compassionate employer of the year"

Teaching Experience

Lecturer, M.LT., Psychology Department, 1964-1966 Assistant Professor, The Rockefeller University, 1967-1969 Associate Professor, The Rockefeller University, 1969-1970

Professor of Linguistics and Psychology, Columbia University, 1970-1986 Pulse Professor of Psychology, University of Rochester, 1985-1995 Professor of Linguistics, University of Rochester, 1985-1995

Research Professor of Cognitive Science, Linguistics, Neuroscience, Psychology, Language Reading and Culture. University of Arizona, 1995 - present

Visiting Professor, USC, Spring 2005

Visiting Professor, University of Leipzig, Fall 2005

Visiting Professor, University of California, Irvine, Spring 2006

Administrative-Academic Activities

Vice President, The Rockefeller University Chapter of American Association of University Professors, 1969-1970

Founder and Associate Editor, Cognition, 1973-

Founder/Head, Columbia Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Psychology and Linguistics, 1973-1986 Columbia College Departmental Representative (The advisor for undergraduate college majors) 1971-1974 Columbia School of General Studies Representative (The advisor for adult undergraduate majors), 1975-1985: Head, Language and Cognition Program, University of Rochester, 1986-1990; 1992-1994 Director, Cognitive Science Program, University of Rochester, 1991-1992

FounderlDirector, Center for the Sciences of Language, University of Rochester, 1988-1995

Head, Department of Linguistics, University of Arizona, 1998-2002

Director, CUNY Sentence Processing Conference, 1998,2005

Elected Uof A university-wide member, committee on Interdepartmental Programs, 2007-2010

2008 PUBLICATION ACTIVITY

Bever, T.G., (2008) The canonical form constraint: language acquisition via a general theory oflearning. In Guo et ai, Cross-linguistic approaches to the psychology of language. (Oxford University Press) pp.475- 492

Piatelli-Palmarini, M., Hancock, R. & Bever, T.G., (2008) Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 31:530-531 Cambridge University Press

Lin, C-J. c., and Bever, T. G. (2008). Subject preference in the processing of relative clauses in Chinese. In Proceedings of the 25th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, ed. Donald Baumer, David Montero, and Michael Scanlon, 254-260. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project.

Hauser, M. and Bever, T.G. (2008) Biolinguistics and the Science of Language, SCIENCE: 322 14, pp. 1057 -1059.

Bever, T.G. (2009). The individual and universal in language. In Piatelli, M. Of minds and language: the Basque country encounter with Noam Chomsky. Oxford University Press. Pp. 278-295.

Bever, Thomas G. (2009). "11. Biolinguistics today and Platonism yesterday". In Time and Again, Lewis, William D., Simin Karimi, Heidi Harley and Scott O. Farrar (eds.), pp. 227-232.

Bever, T. G., (2009) Minimalist Behaviorism: the role of the individual in explaining language universals. In Christiansen, M. Collins & Edelman, S. (Eds.) Language Universals (Oxford University Press). Pp. 270-298

Bever, T.G., (in press) All language comprehension is a psycholinguistic guessing game: explaining the still small voice. In, Anders, P. (Ed), Issues in the present andfuture of reading. LEA Press (now Routledge) MS available

Lin, Chien-Jer Charles & Bever, Thomas G. (in press). "Garden Path in the Processing of Head-Final Relative Clauses." In Hiroko Hashimoto, JerryPackard, & Yuki Hirose (eds.) Processing and Producing Head-Final Structures. Springer. MS available

Hancock, R., and Bever, T.G. (in press), The study of syntactic cycles as an experimental science. In E. vanGelderen Ed., Syntactic Change. John Benjimans. MS available

Bever, T.G., and Peoppel, D. (In press) Analysis by synthesis: a current analysis and synthesis (in press). To appear in a special edition of Biolinguistics, Zaefferer, D. and Poeppel, D. (Eds.) MS available

Lin, C and Bever, T. G. (Under requested revision) Chinese is no exception: Subject-extracted relative clauses are easier to process across languages. (Cognition).

O'Bryan, E. L., Folli, R., Harley, H., & Bever, T. G. (Under requested revision) Event structure affects the comprehension of structurally ambiguous sentences (Cognition). MS available

Chan, S., & Ryan, L, and Bever, T. (Submitted, Draft available) A linguistic role for the caudate nucleus in syntactic and conceptual sequencing: Evidence from fMRL MS available

Bever, T., Nicholas N., and Weidenbacher, H. (In preparation) Depth and the golden mean.

Bever, T., Lachter, J., and Weidenbacher, H. (In preparation) Hierarchical constraints on motion perception.

Psycholinguistics

Lin, C and Bever, T. G. (Under requested revision) Chinese is no exception: Subject-extracted relative clauses are easier to process across languages. (Cognition).

Lin, Chien-Jer Charles & Bever, Thomas G. (in press). "Garden Pathing the Processing of Head-Final Relative Clauses." In Hiroko Hashimoto, JerryPackard, & Yuki Hirose (eds.) Processing and Producing Head-Final Structures. Springer.

Lin, C-J. c., and Bever, T. G. (2008). Subject preference in the processing ofrelative clauses in Chinese. Proceedings of the 25th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics (WCCFL 25), University of Washington, Seattle, WA.

O'Bryan, E. L., Folli, R., Harley, H., & Bever, T. G. (Under requested revision) Event structure affects the comprehension of structurally ambiguous sentences (Cognition)

Jackson, S.R., Townsend, D.J., and Bever, T.G. (2005) Separating similar effects of conjunction and intonation in the resolution oflexical ambiguity. Studia Linguistica 59(2/3), pp.259

Bever, T.G., & Townsend, D.J., (2001). Some sentences on our consciousness of sentences. In R. Dupoux (Ed.), Language, Brain and Cognitive Development. Pp.145-155. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press.

Townsend, D.J., Hoover, M., & Bever, T.G. (2000). Word Monitoring Tasks Interact With Levels Of Representation During Speech Comprehension, Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 29,265-274.

Bever, T.G., Sanz, M., & Townsend, D.J. (1998). The Emperor's Psycholinguistics. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, Vol. 27, No.2, 1998.

Bever, Thomas G., (1996). Experimental psycholinguistics: Then, now and thence. In Willem J.M. Levelt (Ed.), Advanced Psycholinguistics, (pp.7-16). Max Planck Institute, Nijmegen.

Townsend, D.J., & Bever, T.G. (1991). The use of higher-level constraints in monitoring for a change in speaker demonstrates functionally distinct levels of representation in discourse comprehension. Language and Cognitive Processes, 6(1), 49-77.

Townsend, D.J., & Bever, T.G. (1989). Expertise and constraints in interactive sentence processing. In Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

McElree, B., & Bever, T.G. (1989). The psychological reality oflinguistically defined gaps. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research: Special Issue on Sentence Processing.

Cloitre, M., & Bever, T .G. (1988). Linguistic anaphors, levels of representation, and discourse. Language and Cognitive Processes, 3(4). 293-322.

Gerken, L.A., & Bever, T.G. (1986). Linguistic intuitions are the result of interactions between perceptual processes and linguistic universals. Cognitive Science, 10, 457-476.

Janus, R.A., & Bever, T.G. (1985). Processing of metaphoric language:an investigation of the 3-stage model of metaphor comprehension. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 14(5),473-489.

Townsend, D.J., & Bever, T.G. (1982). Natural units of representation interact during sentence comprehension. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 21, 688-703.

Bever, T.G., & Carroll, J.M. (1981). On some continuous properties in language. In T. Myers, J. Laver, & J. Anderson (Eds.), The cognitive representation of speech (225-234). North-Holland.

Bever, T.G., & Townsend, D.J. (1979). Perceptual mechanisms and formal properties of main and subordinate clauses. In W. Cooper, W. & E.C.T Walker, E.C.T., (Eds.), Sentence processing: Psycholinguistic Studies Presented to Merrill Garrett. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Tanenhaus, M.K., Carroll, J.M., & Bever, T.G. (1976). Sentence-picture verification models as theories of sentence comprehension: A critique of Carpenter and Just. Psychological Review, 83, 310-317.

Carroll, J. & Bever, T.G. (1978). Sentence comprehension: a case study in the relation of knowledge and perception. In Carterette & Friedman (Eds.), Handbook of perception, Vol. 7, (pp. 299-317).

Carroll, J.M., Tanenhaus, M.K., & Bever, T.G. (1978). The perception of relations: the interaction of structural, functional, and contextual factors in the segmentation of sentences. In W.J.M. Levelt and G. Flores d'Arcais (Eds.), Studies in the perception of language (pp. 187-218). New York: Wiley.

Townsend, D., & Bever, T.G. (1978). Interclause relations and clausal processing. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 17, 509-521.

Bever, T.G., Garrett, M.R., & Hurtig, R. (1976). Projection mechanisms in reading, or when the journal review process fails. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 5, 215-226.

Bever, T.G., & Hurtig, R.R. (1975). Detection of a non-linguistic stimulus is poorest at the end of a clause. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 4, 1-7.

Bever, T. (1973). Serial position and response biases do not account for the effect

of syntactic structure on the location of brief noises during sentences. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2, 287-288.

Bever, T.G. (1973). Perceptions, thought and language. In R.O. Freedle & J.B. Carroll (Eds.), Language comprehension and the acquisition of knowledge. Washington, D.C.: V.H. Winston & Sons, Inc., 99-112.

Bever, T.G., Garrett, M.F., & Hurtig, R. (1973). The interaction of perceptual processes and ambiguous sentences. Memory and Cognition, 1,277-386.

Bever, T.G. (1972). The integrated study oflanguage behaviour. In Morton, J. (Ed.), Language: Biological and social factors Logos Press.

Savin, H.B., & Bever, T .G. (1970). The nonperceptual reality of the phoneme. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 9, 295-302.

Carey, P., Mehler, J., & Bever, T.G. (1970). Judging the veracity of an ambiguous sentence. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 9, 243-254.

Mehler, J., Carey, P., & Bever, T.G. (1970). When do we compute all the interpretations of ambiguous sentences? In G. D'Arcais, G. & W. Levelt (Eds.), Advances in psycholinguistics (pp. 201-259). North Holland Publications.

Abrams, K., & Bever, T.G. (1969). Syntactic structure modifies attention during speech perception and recognition. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 21, 280-290.

Bever, T.G., Kirk, R., & Lackner, J. (1969). An autonomic reflection of syntactic structure. Neuropsychologia, 7,23-28.

Bever, T.G., Lackner, J.R., & Kirk, R. (1969). The underlying structures of sentences are the primary units of immediate speech processing. Perception and Psychophysics, 5, 225-234.

Bever, T.G., Lackner, J.R., & Stolz, W. (1969). Transitional probability is not a general mechanism for the segmentation of speech. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 79,387-394.

Bever, T.G. (1968). Associations to stimulus-response theories oflanguage.

T.R. Dixon & D.L. Horton (Eds.), Verbal behavior and general behavior theory (478-494). Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Fodor, J.A., Garrett, M., & Bever, T.G. (1968). Some syntactic determinants of sentential complexity, II: Verb structure. Perception and Psychophysics, 3, 453-461.

Foss, D., Bever, T.G., & Silver, M. (1968). The comprehension and verification of ambiguous sentences. Perception and Psychophysics, 4, pp. 304-306.

MacKay, D.G., & Bever, T.G. (1967). In search of ambiguity. Perception and Psychophysics, 2,193-200.

Garrett, M., Bever, T.G., & Fodor, J.A. (1965). The active use of grammar in speech perception. Perception and Psychophysics, 1, 30-32.

Fodor, J.A., & Bever, T.G. (1965). The psychological reality oflinguistic segments. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 4,414 - 420.

Reading

Bever, T.G. and Nicholas, C. (in preparation). The evolution oflinguistically informative formats that improve reading. (to be submitted to Reading Research Quarterly).

Zhenqian, Liu, Bever, Thomas G. (2005) An experimental study of the function of syntactic analysis in reading comprehension. Foreign Language Teaching and Research. (Chinese English Language Association Journal). Pp.44-67. (This paper won first prize for the best education research article in china, 2003-4).

Jandreau, S. and Bever, T.G. (1992) Phrase-spaced formats improve comprehension in average readers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 143 -146.

Bever, T.G., Jandreau, S., Burwell, R., Kaplan, R., & Zaenen, A. (1990). Spacing printed text to isolate major phrases improves readability. Visible Language.

Townsend, D.J., Carrithers, c., & Bever, T.G. (1987). Listening and reading processes in college and middle school-age readers. In R. Horowitz, & S.J. Samuels (Eds.), Comprehending oral and written language (pp. 217-242). New York: Academic Press.

Jandreau, S.M., Muncer, S.J., & Bever, T.G. (1986). Improving the readability of text with automatic phrase-sensitive formatting. British Journal of Educational Technology, 17, 128-133.

Carrithers, c., & Bever, T.G. (1984). Eye-fixation patterns during reading confirm theories oflanguage comprehension. Cognitive Science, 8,157-172.

Muncer, S.J., & Bever, T.G. (1984). Sensitivity to propositional units in good reading. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 13,275-279.

Bever, T.G., & Bower, T.G.R. (1970). How to read without listening. In M. Lester, M. (Ed.), Readings in applied transformation grammar, Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 305-314.

Mehler, J., Bever, T.G., & Carey, P. (1967). What we look at when we read. Perception and Psychophysics, 2, 213-218.

Cerebral Dominance and Neurolinguistics

Chan, S., & Ryan, L, and Bever, T. (Submitted, Draft available) A linguistic role for the caudate nucleus in syntactic and conceptual sequencing: Evidence from fMRL

Bever, T. , Chan, S., & Ryan, L, (in preparation) fMRI studies show that how language is processed differs according to familial handedness.

Townsend, D.J., Carrithers, c., & Bever, T.G. (2001). Familial Handedness and Access to Words, Meaning, and Syntax during Sentence Comprehension. Brain and Language, 78,308-331.

LaMendola, N. and Bever, T.G. (1997). Peripheral and Cerebral Asymmetries in the Rat. Science, Vol. 278,17 October 1997, pp.483-486.

Bever, T.G., Carrithers, c., Cowart, W., & Townsend, D.J. (1989). Language processing and familial handedness. In A. Galaburda (Ed.), From neurons to reading. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Bever, T.G., Carrithers, c., & Townsend, D.J. (1987). A tale of two brains -or- The sinistral quasimodularity oflanguage. In Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Cognitive Science Society Meetings (pp. 764-773), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Bever, T.G. (1983). Cerebral lateralization, cognitive asymmetry, and human consciousness. In E. Perecman and J. Brown (Eds.), Cognitive processing in the right hemisphere (19-39). New York: Academic Press, New York.

Bever, T.G. (1980). Broca and Lashley were right: cerebral dominance is an accident of growth. In D. Kaplan, & N. Chomsky, (Eds.), Biology and language (186-232). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Kellar, L.A., & Bever, T.G. (1980). Hemispheric asymmetries in the perception of musical intervals as a function of musical experience and family handedness background. Brain and Language, 10,24-38.

Bever, T.G. (1975). Cerebral asymmetries in humans are due to the differentiation of two incompatible processes: Holistic and analytic. In D. Aaronson, & R. Rieber, R. (Eds.), Developmental psycholinguistics and communication disorders, New York Academy of Sciences, 263, 76-86.

Bever, T.G., Hurtig, R., & Handel, A. (1976). Analytic processing elicits right ear superiority in monaurally presented speech. Neuropsychologia, 14,175-181.

Bever, T.G., & Chiarello, R.J. (1974). Cerebral dominance in musicians and nonmusicians. Science, 185, 137-139. Reprinted as a "classic article" in The Journal of Neuropsychiatry, 2008

Bever, T.G. (1971). The nature of cerebral dominance in speech behaviour of the child and adult. In E. Ingram & R. Huxley (Eds.), Mechanisms of language acquisition (pp 231-261). New York: Academic Press.

Comparative

Hauser, M. and Bever, T.G. (in preparation, invited paper) Biolinguistics and the Science of Language, SCIENCE.

Piatelli-Palmarini, M., Hancock, R. & Bever, T.G., (in press) Language and Ergonomoics. Brain and Behavioral Sciences Commentary.

Bever, Thomas and Montalbetti, Mario. (2002). Noam's Ark. SCIENCE, VOL 298, 1565-1566.

O'Connor, K.N., Roitblat, H.L., & Bever, T.G. (1983). Auditory sequence complexity and hemispheric asymmetry offunction in rats. In H.L. Roitblat (Ed.), Studies in animal behavior. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.

Roitblat, H.L., Bever, T.G., Harley, H.E., & Helweg, D.A. (1991). Online choice and the representation of serially structured stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes. Vol 17 (1), Jan, p. 55-67

Roitblat, H.L., Scopatz, R.A., & Bever, T.G. (1987). The hierarchical representation of three-item sequences. Animal Learning and Behavior, 15(2), 179-192.

Bever, T.G., Straub, R.O., Terrace, H.S., & Townsend, D.J. (1980). The comparative study of serially integrated behavior in humans and animals. In P. Jusczyk, & R. Klein, R. (Eds.), The nature of thought: Essays in honor of D.O. Hebb. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Terrace, H.S., Pettito, L.A., Sanders, R.J., & Bever, T.G. (1979). Can an ape create a sentence? Science, 206,891-902.

Straub, R.O., Seidenberg, M.S., Bever, T.G., & Terrace H.S. (1979). Serial learning in the pigeon. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 32, 137-148, 1979.

Terrace, H.S., & Bever, T.G. (1976). What might be learned from studying language in a chimpanzee? The importance of symbolizing oneself. Annals of the New York Academy of Science, 280, 579-588.

Theoretical

Bever, T.G., and Peoppel, D. (In preparation) Analysis by synthesis: a current analysis and synthesis (in press). To appear in a special edition of Biolinguistics, Zaefferer, D. and Poeppel, D. (Eds.)

Bever, T. G., (2008) Minimalist Behaviorism: the role of the individual in explaining language universals. In Christiansen, M. Collins, ., & Edelman, S. (Eds.) Language Universals (Oxford University Press).

Bever, T.G. (1992). The demons and the beast - Modular and nodular kinds of knowledge. In R. Ronan & N. Sharkey (Eds.), Connectionist approaches to natural language processing. Lawrence Erlbaum (UK).

Bever, T.G. (1988). The psychological reality of grammar: a student's eye view of cognitive science. In W. Hirst (Ed.), The making of cognitive science: A festschrift for George A. Miller. Cambridge University Press.

Lachter, J., & Bever, T.G. (1988). The relation between linguistic structure and associative theories of language learning--A constructive critique of some connectionist learning models. Cognition, 28,195-247.

Bever, T.G. (1987). The aesthetic basis for cognitive structures. In W. Brand & R. Harnish, (Eds.), The representation of knowledge and belief(pp. 314-356). University of Arizona Press.

Bever, T.G. (1984). The road from behaviorism to rationalism. In H.L. Roitblat, T.G. Bever, & H.S. Terrace (Eds.) Animal cognition (pp. 61-73). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Bever, T.G. (1982). Some implications of the non-specific bases oflanguage. In L. Gleitman, L. and E. Wanner (Eds.), Language development - the state of the art (pp. 429-449). Cambridge University Press.

Katz, J.J., & Bever, T.G. (1976). The fall and rise of empiricism. In T.G. Bever, J.J. Katz, & D.T. Langendoen (Eds.), An integrated theory of linguistic ability. New York: T.Y. Crowell Press.

Bever, T.G. (1975). Some theoretical and empirical issues that arise if we insist on distinguishing language and thought. In D. Aaronson & F. Rieber (Eds.), Developmental psycholinguistics and communication disorders. New York Academy of Science, 263.

Bever, T.G. (1974). The psychology oflanguage and structuralist investigations of nativism. In G. Harmon, (Ed.), On Noam Chomsky: Critical essays (pp. 146-164). Anchor Press.

Bever, T.G. (1970). The cognitive basis for linguistic structures. In R. Hayes (Ed.), Cognition and language development (pp. 277-360). New York: Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Bever, T.G., Fodor, J.A., & Garrett, M. (1968). A formal limitation of associationism. T.R. Dixon & D.L. Horton (Eds.), Verbal behavior and general behavior theory. Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Mehler, J., & Bever, T.G. (1968). The study of competence in cognitive psychology. International Journal of Psychology, 1968,3(4),273-280.

Mehler, J., & Bever, T.G. (1968). Quantification, conservation, and nativism: Science, 162, 979-981.

Cognition and Language Development

Bever, T.G., (2008) The canonical form constraint: language acquisition via a general theory oflearning. In Guo et ai, Crosslinguistic approaches to the psychology of language. LEA

Ross, D. S., & Bever, T. G. (2004). The time course for language acquisition in biologically distinct populations: Evidence from deaf individuals. Brain & Language, Vol. 89,115-121.

Mintz, T., Newport, E., & Bever, T.G. (2002). The distributional structure of grammatical categories in speech to young children. Journal of Cognitive Science. Vol. 26/4, pp 393-425.

Aslin, Woodward, LaMendola & Bever (1996). Models of word segmentation in fluent maternal speech to infants. In J.L. Morgan & K. Demuth (eds.), Signal to Syntax. Mahwah, NJ: LEA (pp. 117-134).

Mintz, T., Newport, E. and Bever, T.G., Distribution-based discovery oflexical categories in motherese. (1995). In the proceedings of the New England Linguistic Society.

Bever, T.G. (1992). The Logical and Extrinsic Sources of Modularity in M. Gunnar & M. Maratsos (Eds.) Modularity and Constraints in Language and Cognition Vol. 25 of the Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology, 1992. Earlbaum.

Moon, c., Bever, B.T., & Fifer, W.P. (1992) Canonical and non canonical syllable discrimination by 2-day-old infants. Journal of Child Language.

Bever, T.G., & Hansen, R.E. (1988). The induction of mental structures while learning to use symbolic systems. In Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Meeting of The Cognitive Science Society, Hillsdale, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc.

Gergely, G., & Bever, T.G. (1986). Relatedness intuitions and the mental representation of causative verbs in adults and children. Cognition, 23,211-277.

Bever, T.G. (1982). Regression in the service of development. In Bever et al. (Eds.), Regression in child development (pp 153-188). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Slobin, D.L, & Bever, T.G. (1982). Children use canonical sentence schemas: A crosslinguistic study of word order and inflections. Cognition, 12, pp. 229-265.

Bever, T.G. (1981). Normal acquisition processes explain the critical period for language learning. In K.c. Diller (Ed.), Individual differences and universals in language learning aptitude (pp. 176-198). Rowley, MA: Newbury House Pub., Inc.

Townsend, D.J., Ottaviano, D. & Bever, T.G. (1979). Immediate Memory for Words from Main and Subordinate Clauses at Different Age Levels. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 8(1), pp. 83-101, 1979.

Bever, T.G. (1975). Psychologically real grammar emerges because of its role in language acquisition. In D.P. Dato (Ed.), Developmental psycholinguistics: Theory and applications (pp. 63-75). Georgetown University Round Table on Languages and Linguistics.

Pertz, D.L., & Bever, T.G. (1975). Sensitivity to phonological universals in children and adolescents. Language, 51,149-162.

Bever, T.G. (1970). The comprehension and memory of sentences with temporal relations. In S. Levelt, S.& G. Flores d'Arcais (Eds.), Advances in psycholinguistics (pp. 312-316). North Holland.

Bever, T.G., Mehler, J., & Epstein, J. (1968). What children do in spite of what they know. Science, 162, 921-924.

Mehler, J., & Bever, T.G. (1967). Cognitive capacity of very young children. Science, 141, 141-142.

Bever, T.G., Fodor, J.A., & Weksel, W. (1965). On the acquisition of syntax: a critique of contextual generalization. Psychological Review, 72, 467-482.

Bullowa, M., Jones, L.B., & Bever, T.G. (1964). The development from vocal to verbal behavior in children. (Presented at SSRC Conference on First Language Learning, 1961). In U. Bellugi & R. Brown (Eds.), Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 29, 101-115.

LINGUISTICS

Bever, T.G. (2008). The individual and universal in language. In Piatelli, M. Of minds and language: the Basque country encounter with Noam Chomsky. Oxford University Press.

Bever, T.G. (2003). Deconstructing functionalist explanations of linguistic universals. In Carnie, A, Harley, H., and Willie, M., (Eds.) Formal Approaches to Function in Grammar. John Benjamins Press, 333-351.

Sanz, M. & Bever, T.G. (2001). A Theory of Syntactic Interface in the Bilingual. In J. Nicol (Ed.), One Mind, Two Languages, pp 158 - 179. Blackwell Publishers.

Bever, T.G., & Sanz, M. (1997). Empty Categories Access their Antecedents During Comprehension:Unaccusatives in Spanish. Linguistic Inquiry, Volume 28, Number 1, Winter 1997, 69-91.

Sanz, M., Bever, T.G., & Laka, L (1992). Linguistics and psycholinguistics of unaccusativity in spanish. In Proceedings of the 1991 Meeting of the New England Linguistic Society.

Bever, T.G., Straub, K., Shenkman, K., Kim, J.J., & Carrithers, C. (1990) The psychological reality of NP-trace. In Proceedings of the 1989 Meeting of the New England Linguistic Society.

Bever, T.G., & McElree, B. (1988). Empty categories access their antecedents during comprehension. Linguistic Inquiry, 19, 35-43.

Bever, T.G. (1984). Linguistics and its relation to other disciplines. In E. Machlup (Ed.), Handbook of information sciences, Wiley, 1984, pp. 158-179.

Carroll, J.M., Bever, T.G., & Pollack, C.R. (1981). The non-uniqueness of linguistic intuitions. Language, 57, No.2, 368-383.

Bever T.G., Carroll, J.M., & Hurtig, R. (1976). Analogy or ungrammatical sequences that are utterable and comprehensible are the origins of new grammars in language acquisition and linguistic evolution. In T.G. Bever, J.J. Katz & D.T. Langendoen (Eds.), An integrated theory of linguistic ability (pp. 149-182). New York: T.Y. Crowell Press.

Bever, T.G. (1975). Functional explanations require independently motivated functional theories. In R. Grossman, J. San & T. Vance (Eds.), Papers from the parasession on functionalism (pp. 580-635), Chicago Linguistic Society. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago.

Bever, T.G. (1974). The interaction of perception and linguistic structures: a preliminary investigation of neo-functionalism. In T.A. Seboek (Ed.), Current trends in linguistics (1159-1233). The Hague: Mouton.

Bever, T.G. (1974). The ascent of the specious or there's a lot we don't know about mirrors.

In D. Cohen (Ed.), Explaining linguistic phenomena (173-200). New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation.

Langendoen, D.T., & Bever, T.G. (1973). Can a not unhappy man be called a not sad one? In S.R. Anderson & P. Kiparsky (Eds.), Afestschriftfor Morris Halle, (392-409). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.

Bever, T.G. (1972). The limits of intuition. Foundations of Language, 8, 411-412.

Bever, T.G., & Langendoen, T. (1972). The interaction of perception and grammar in linguistic change. In R. Stockwell & R. MacCaulay (Eds.), Historical linguistics in the perspective of transformational theory (32-95), Indiana University Press.

Bever, T.G., & Langendoen, T. (1971). A dynamic model of the evolution oflanguage. Linguistic Inquiry, 2. (Reprinted in T.G. Bever, J.J. Katz & D.T. Langendoen (Eds.), An integrated theory oflinguistic ability. New York: T.Y. Crowell, Inc., 1976, pp. 115-147.

Bever, T.G., & Rosenbaum, P. (1970). Some lexical structures and their empirical validity. In Jacobs and Rosenbaum (Eds.), Readings in English syntax, Blaisdell. Also in French in a special issue of Languages, 1970,3-50.

Bever, T.G. (1970). The influence of speech performance on linguistic structure. In W. Levelt & G. Flores d'Arcais (Eds.), Advances in psycholinguistics (pp 21-50), North-Holland.

Bever, T.G., & Ross, J.R. (1965). Underlying structures in discourse. Proceedings of the Congress on Computer-Related Semantic Analysis, Las Vegas.

Bever, T.G., Fodor, J.A., & Weksel, W. (1965). Is linguistics empirical? Psychological Review, 72, 493-500. Reprinted in L.A. Jakobovits, A. Leon, & M.S. Murray (Eds.), Readings in the psychology of language, New York: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1967.

Bever, T.G. (1963). The formal justification and descriptive role of variables in phonology. Quarterly Progress Report, R.L.E, MIT.

Bever, T.G. & Langendoen, D.T. (1963). The description of the Indo-European E/O ablaut. Quarterly Progress Report, R.L.E., MIT.

Bever, T.G. (1963). The E/O ablaut in Old English. Quarterly Progress Report, R.L.E., MIT.

Bever, T.G. (1963). Theoretical implications of Bloomfield's 'Menomini Morphophonemics'. Quarterly Progress Report, R.L.E., MIT Press.

Aesthetics

Bever, T.G., Nicholas, c., & Weidenbacher, H. (in preparation). The cognitive basis for the Golden Mean.

Bever, T.G. (1988). A cognitive theory of emotion and aesthetics in music. Psychomusicology, 7, 165-175.

Lasher, M.D., Carroll, J.M., & Bever, T.G. (1983). The cognitive basis of aesthetic experience. Leonardo, 16,196-199.

Tan, N., Aiello, R., & Bever, T.G. (1981). Harmonic structure as a determinant of melodic organization. Memory and Cognition, 9, pp. 533-539

Carroll, J., & Bever, T.G. (1976). Segmentation in cinema perception. Science, 191, 1053-1054

SCIENCE AND SOCIETY

Bever, T.G., Smith, M., Bengen, G., & Johnson, T. (1975). Young viewers' troubling response to TV ads. Harvard Business Review, 53(6), 109-120.

Bever, T.G., & Mehler, J. (1974175). Reason and unreason. Cognition, 3, 79-81.

Bever, T.G., Terrace, H.D. (1973). Introduction and review. In T.G. Bever & H.S. Terrace (Eds.), Human behavior: Prediction and control in modern society (pp. 3-8). Warner Modular Publications, Inc. H.D.)

Bever, T.G. (1967). Review of Robots, Men and Minds, by Ludwig Von Bertalanffy. New York: George Braziller, 150, in The American Journal of Psychology, 84(2), 296-298.

BOOKS

Bever, T.G et al (in preparation): Psycholinguistics, an introduction. (LEA)

Townsend, D.J., & Bever, T.G. (2004). Juzi lijie Yanjiu--xiguan yu guize de zhenghe. Qilu Academic Press (a somewhat revised Chinese version of Townsend and Bever, 2001).

Townsend, D.J., & Bever, T.G. (2001). Sentence Comprehension. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Bever, T.G., Carroll, J.M., & Miller, L.A. (Eds.) (1984). Talking minds: The study of language in the cognitive sciences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

H.L. Roitblat, T.G. Bever, & H.S. Terrace (Eds.) (1984). Animal cognition. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Bever, T.G. (Ed.) (1982). Regressions in mental development: Basic processes and mechanisms. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Bever, T.G., Katz, J.J. & Langendoen, D.T. (Eds.) (1976). An integrated theory oflinguistic ability. New York: T.Y. Crowel Press.

Fodor, J., Bever, T.G., & Garrett, M. (1974). The psychology of language. New York: McGraw Hill, 1974.

Bever, T.G., & Terrace, H.S. (Eds.) (1973). Human behavior: Prediction and control in modern society. Andover, Mass.:Warner Publications, Inc.

PATENTS

Thomas G. Bever and John Robbart, II. (July, 2006) System and Methodfor Formatting Text According to Linguistic, Visual and Psychological Variables. US7069508Bl

Thomas G. Bever and John Robbart, II. (March, 2008) System and method of determining phrasing in text. US7346489Bl PATENT

Thomas G. Bever, et al (pending) System and Methodfor controlling the presentation of text and speech according to informational variables.

GRANTS

"The effect of frame shape on depth perception", with Chris Nicholas and Hollis Weidenbacher. $70,000 direct (to be submitted to NSF and NEI in January 2009).

"The effect of familial handedness on behavioral and neurological processing of language" (with Shiaohui Chan and Lee Ryan) (In preparation)

"The acquisition of language in a controlled setting" (Submitted to the U of A Foundation).

RECENT INVITED, REFEREED CONFERENCE PAPERS AND POSTERS

Bever, T.G., (2008) Linguistic Universals. Presented at the Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft workshop on language universals. Bamberg.

Chan, S., Ryan, T. & Bever, T.G. (2007). The role of the basal ganglia in language behavior. Linguistic Society of America, winter meeting

Lin, C-J. c., and Bever, T. G. (2006). A universal account ofrelative-clause processing in typologically diverse languages. Paper presented at the Joint IACL14 and IsCLLI0 Conference, (in the special session on Language Diversity), Taipei: Academia Sinica, May 25-29, 2006.

Lin, C-J. c., and Bever, T. G. (2006). Subject preference in the processing of relative clauses in Chinese. Paper presented at the 25th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics (WCCFL 25), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, April 28-30, 2006.

Lin, C-J. c., and Bever, T. G. (2006). Chinese is no exception: Universal subject preference of relative clause processing. Paper presented at the 19th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, New York City, NY, March 23-25, 2006.

Lin, C-J. c., Fong, S., and Bever, T. G. (2006). Efficiency of processing nonlocal dependencies in Chinese

possessor relative clauses. Paper presented at the 80th Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America (LSA), Albuquerque NM, January 5-8, 2006.

Lin, C-J. c., Fong, S., and Bever, T. G. (2005). Local dependencies aren't necessarily easier: Processing possessor relative clauses in Mandarin Chinese. Paper presented at the 11th International Conference on Processing Chinese and Other East Asian Languages (PCOEAL 2005), Chinese University of Hong Kong, December 9-11, 2005.

Lin, C-J. c., Fong, S., and Bever, T. G. (2005). Constructing filler-gap dependencies in Chinese possessor relative clauses. Paper presented at the 19th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation (PACLICI9), Academia Sinica, Taipei, December 1-3,2005. (Recipient of the International Young Scholar Award)

Lin, C-J. c., Fong, S., and Bever, T. G. (2005). Left-edge advantage of gap searching in Chinese possessor relativization. Paper presented at the 2005 Niagara Linguistic Society Conference (NLS-2005), University at Buffalo.

Bever, T.G., (2005) Psycholinguistics, then, now and next. Paper presented at the 2005 conference on the original appearance of LSLT. MIT

O'Bryan, E. L., Jones, B. C.,& Barker, J. (2005). The effect oftelicity on eye movements during reading. CUNY Sentence Processing Conference, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson.

Nichols, C. D., Treadwell, K. E., & Bever, T. G. 2004. (Poster). Sex-dependent strategy and interhemispheric communication. Annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society, San Francisco CA, April 2004.

O'Bryan, E. L., Folli, R., Harley, H., & Bever, T. G. 2004, March. (Poster). Verb event structure effects in on-line sentence comprehension. CUNY Sentence Processing Conference,

University of Maryland, College Park.

O'Bryan, Erin L., Raffaella Folli, Heidi Harley, & Thomas G. Bever. 2003 (Poster). Event structure effects on garden pathing. Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing (AMLaP), University of Glasgow, Scotland, August 25-27, 2003.

Jackson, Scott R., Townsend, David J., and Bever, Thomas G. 2003. (Poster). Effects of intonation and subordinating conjunction on lexical ambiguity resolution. 16th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing. MIT, Cambridge, MA.

O'Bryan, Erin, Raffaella Folli, Heidi Harley, Connie Clarke, David Townsend, & Thomas Bever. 2002. (Poster) The role of event structure in language comprehension. Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing Conference (AMLaP), Tenerife, Spain.

Nicholas, C. D., Yoon, S. W., Treadwell, K. E., Won, D., & Bever, T.G. 2002, April. (Poster) Matchmaking: Sex, conflict, and the cerebral hemispheres. Annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society, San Francisco, CA.

Treadwell, K. E., Nicholas, C. D., & Bever, T. G. 2002, April. (Poster) Discontinuous constituent use by left- and right-handers in spoken and written sentence generation. Annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society, San Francisco, CA.

O'Bryan, Erin L., Townsend, David J., & Bever, Thomas G. 2002. (Poster). Slips of the ear: A new way to investigate post-sentence auditory representations. CUNY Sentence Processing Conference, CUNY Graduate Center, NY.

Treadwell, Katrina E., Nicholas, Christopher D., O'Bryan, Erin L., & Bever, Thomas G. 2001. (Poster). Differential discontinuous constituent use by left- and right-handers in sentence generation. CUNY Sentence Processing Conference, University of Pennsylvania.

O'Bryan, Erin L., Nicol, Janet L., Townsend, David J., & Bever Thomas G. 2000. Reduced relatives and WH-gaps in spoken sentence comprehension. CUNY Sentence Processing Conference, University of California, San Diego.

Lewis, W. & Bever T.G. 2000. Structure and Scope. CUNY Sentence Processing Conference, University of California, San Diego.

Bever, T.G. & LaMendola, N.P. 1998. (Poster). Cerebral asymmetries in rats: both the left and right hemispheres participate in "spatial" representation. University of Arizona Flinn Symposium. Tucson, AZ.

LaMendola, N.P. & Bever, T.G. 1998. (Poster) Endogenous asymmetries in the rat brain affect complex spatial learning. Cognitive Neuroscience Society 1998 Annual Mtg. San Francisco, CA.